Python Operators

Learn about different types of operators in Python and how to use them in your programs.

Python Operators

Operators are used to perform operations on variables and values.

In the example below, we use the + operator to add together two values:

Example

print(10 + 5)

Python divides the operators in the following groups:

Arithmetic operators
Assignment operators
Comparison operators
Logical operators
Identity operators
Membership operators
Bitwise operators

Python Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used with numeric values to perform common mathematical operations:

Addition

x + y

Subtraction

x - y

Multiplication

x * y

Division

x / y

Modulus

x % y

Exponentiation

x ** y

Floor division

x // y

Python Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables:

x = 5

x += 3

x = x + 3

x -= 3

x = x - 3

x *= 3

x = x * 3

x /= 3

x = x / 3

x %= 3

x = x % 3

Python Comparison Operators

Comparison operators are used to compare two values:

Equal

x == y

Not equal

x != y

Greater than

x > y

Less than

x < y

Greater than or equal to

x >= y

Less than or equal to

x <= y

Python Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to combine conditional statements:

and

Returns True if both statements are true

x < 5 and x < 10

Returns True if one of the statements is true

x < 5 or x < 4

not

Reverse the result, returns False if the result is true

not(x < 5 and x < 10)

Python Identity Operators

Identity operators are used to compare the objects, not if they are equal, but if they are actually the same object, with the same memory location:

Returns True if both variables are the same object

x is y

is not

Returns True if both variables are not the same object

x is not y

Python Membership Operators

Membership operators are used to test if a sequence is presented in an object:

Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is present in the object

x in y

not in

Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is not present in the object

x not in y